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The Dachshund can be found in historical accounts dating back to the 15th, 16th and 17th centuries, when illustrations reflected badgers being hunted with dogs with elongated bodies, short legs and hound-type ears. The dogs of medieval Europe were noted to have the tracking ability of hounds and the proportions and temperaments of terriers, much needed to pursue their main quarry of badgers.
Early in the 17th century, the name Dachshund (badger-dog) became the designation of a breed type with smooth and longhaired coat varieties, and in 1890 wirehairs were added as a third variety. German breeders learned early on that crossing between longhairs and either smooth or wirehairs did more harm than good, and barred such crosses from registration. However, early on in the development of wirehairs, some crosses with smooths were permitted to establish the variety in higher numbers. This practice has since been determined to be unsubstantiated.
During the development of the breed, two different sizes were emerging based on the type of game being pursued: dogs weighing 30-35 pounds were being used not only on badgers but on wild boar, while smaller 16-22 pound dogs proved effective against foxes and hare. Importations into America date back in the AKC Stud book to 1885. The Dachshund Club of America has promoted the breed since 1895, and in 1935 Dachshunds were added to AKC field trials to encourage hunting capacity and exemplary conformation and temperament.
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